Hardness testing to ISO 6508-1
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Stainless Steel 321 Stud Bolts are fasteners that are made from Stainless Steel 321, a specific grade of stainless steel known for its excellent high-temperature and corrosion-resistant properties. These stud bolts have a threaded end for secure fastening and are commonly used in various industrial applications, especially in high-temperature and corrosive environments. Here are some key features, applications, and considerations for Stainless Steel 321 stud bolts:
Features:
Material:
Stainless Steel 321 is an austenitic stainless steel alloy that contains titanium, which makes it highly resistant to intergranular corrosion and suitable for high-temperature applications.
High-Temperature Resistance:
Stainless Steel 321 is designed to perform well at elevated temperatures, making stud bolts made from this material ideal for applications where heat resistance is crucial.
Corrosion Resistance:
This material offers excellent resistance to corrosion, particularly in environments where there is exposure to acids, alkalis, and other corrosive substances.
Threaded Ends:
Stud bolts are threaded at both ends, allowing them to be screwed into threaded holes, such as those in nuts, flanges, or other fastening components.
Specifications | ASTM A 193 / ASME SA 193 |
Size | M3 – M56 | 3/6″ to 2″ | Custom Sizes |
Length | 3 to 200 mm |
Standard | ISO, ASTM, DIN, JIS, IS, GB, BS, and all International Standards |
DIN Standard | B.S. DIN 931, DIN 933, DIN 912, DIN 934, DIN 6923, DIN 603, DIN 7981, DIN 970, DIN916, DIN 7982, DIN 7985, DIN 913 |
UTS | NPT, UNS, UNF, UNC, UNEF, NPTF |
ISO | ISO 4033, ISO 4032, ISO 7380, ISO 4017, JIS standards |
Threads | METRIC, BSW, UNC, UNF, BSF or as required |
Applications:
Stainless Steel UNS S32100 stud bolts are used in various industries and applications, including:
Petrochemical Industry:
Stud bolts made from Stainless Steel 321 are commonly used in petrochemical plants, refineries, and chemical processing facilities where high temperatures and corrosive chemicals are present.
Power Generation:
They are employed in power plants, especially in components exposed to high temperatures, such as steam turbines and exhaust systems.
Aerospace:
In some aerospace applications, where the combination of high-temperature resistance and corrosion resistance is critical, Stainless Steel 321 stud bolts may be used.
Oil and Gas Industry:
Offshore drilling platforms, pipelines, and equipment in the oil and gas sector often utilize stud bolts made from this material.
Heat Exchangers and Boiler Systems:
Stainless Steel 321 stud bolts can be found in heat exchangers and boiler systems, as they can withstand the elevated temperatures and pressure conditions.
What are the Considerations when selecting SS 321 Stud Bolts
Thread Size and Length:
Select the appropriate thread size and length based on the specific application and fastening requirements.
Torque Specifications:
Follow manufacturer-recommended torque specifications to ensure proper tightening and prevent over-tightening, which can lead to stud bolt failure.
Corrosion Protection:
While Stainless Steel 321 is highly corrosion-resistant, additional protective coatings or measures may be necessary in extremely corrosive environments.
Heat Resistance:
Ensure that the stud bolts are used within their specified temperature limits to prevent degradation of the material's properties.
Quality and Inspection:
Regular inspection and maintenance of stud bolts are crucial to ensure their integrity and reliability in high-stress environments.
SS 321 stud bolts are designed to provide secure and reliable fastening in demanding applications where resistance to high temperatures and corrosion is essential. When selecting and using these stud bolts, it's important to consider the specific requirements of the application and adhere to industry standards and best practices to ensure safety and performance.
To preserve the high standards of our selection of industrial stud bolts, we have always adhered to a systematic quality management process.
Our staff of experts is vibrant and talented, and they have always been our largest supporters and contributors to our success. Our vision is to create a world of stud bolts.
STANDARD | WERKSTOFF NR. | UNS | JIS | EN |
SS 321 | 1.4541 | S32100 | SUS 321 | X6CrNiTi18-10 |
Grade | C | Mn | Si | P | S | Cr | N | Ni | T |
SS 321 | 0.08 max | 2.0 max | 1.0 max | 0.045 max. | 0.030 max | 17.00 - 19.00 | 0.10 max | 9.00 - 12.00 | 5(C+N) – 0.70 max |
Density | Melting Point | Tensile Strength | Yield Strength (0.2%Offset) | Elongation |
8.0 g/cm3 | 1457 °C (2650 °F) | Psi – 75000 , MPa – 515 | Psi – 30000 , MPa – 205 | 35 % |
Hardness testing to ISO 6508-1
Nut proof load testing to ISO 898-2
Suitability for preloading to EN 14399-2
Calibrated gauges and tools
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